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Objective:To understand the pain experience of discharged patients after thoracoscopic lobectomy, identify the out-of-hospital pain management needs of patients, and help patients improve the level of out-of-hospital pain management.Methods:The phenomenological method in qualitative research was used in the study, and the Colaizzi 7-step data analysis method was used to analyze the interview data.Results:Six topics were summarized: pain cognition, different pain coping styles, misunderstanding of painkillers, negative emotions, postoperative paresthesia, and lack of professional guidance.Conclusion:Medical staff should strengthen the publicity and education of discharge, pay attention to the follow-up, provide professional guidance for patients outside the hospital, relieve pain and improve the quality of life of patients.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of compound sophora flavescens injection on T helper cells 17 (Th17), regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) and the related cytokines in lung cancer patients with cirrhosis.@*Methods@#A total of 63 patients with early non-small cell lung cancer and cirrhosis in Shouguang People's Hospital of Shandong Province from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected. All patients were scheduled to undergo surgical treatment. The patients were randomly divided into observation group (33 cases) and control group (30 cases) according to the random number table method. The patients in the control group were treated with liver protection, and the patients in the observation group were given compound sophora flavescens on the basis of the control group. After 3 months of treatment, the changes of liver fibrosis index, the levels of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood and the changes of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in serum were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#After treatment, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of 15 cases (45.45%) in the observation group were normalized and 6 cases (20.00%) in the control group were normalized. There was a significant difference in ALT normalization rate between the two groups (P < 0.05). The levels of serum laminin (LN) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (all P < 0.05), and the serum LN [(156.74±30.52) ng/ml] and HA [(179.56±25.32) ng/ml] in the observation group after treatment was lower than those in the control group [(210.58±39.42) ng/ml and (203.75±28.79) ng/ml] (t values were 18.236 and 12.184, both P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the level changes of type Ⅲ procollagen and type Ⅳ collagen between the two groups before and after treatment (all P > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Th17 and Th17/Treg increased and the level of Treg cells decreased (all P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Th17 [(1.32±0.18)%] and Th17/Treg (0.23±0.04) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(1.21±0.17)% and 0.20±0.03] (t values were 3.201 and 1.087, both P < 0.01), while the level of Treg cells in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-10, IL-17, IL-6, and TGF-β in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (all P < 0.05), and their levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#Compound sophora flavescens injection can improve the liver function and fibrosis index of patients with lung cancer and cirrhosis, and it can regulate the levels of Th17, Treg cells and their related factors, which can be used as a clinical adjuvant.
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Objectives@#The number of schools offering school lunches has increased in China. This study examined the dietary quality of the lunches consumed by Chinese school-age children and adolescents, with a focus on comparing school lunches with home lunches. @*Methods@#The first weekday 24-hour dietary recall data of 6~17-year-old students (n=1,084) from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. The subjects were divided into the school lunch group and the home lunch group, and the dietary quality of lunches was compared between the two groups among 6~11-year-old students (n=634; 177 in the school lunch group and 457 in the home lunch group) and 12~17-year-old students (n=450;144 in the school lunch group and 306 in the home lunch group), respectively. Frequently consumed foods, amount of food group intake, food group intake pattern, Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), and Dietary Variety Score (DVS) were examined. @*Results@#The most frequently consumed foods in both lunch groups were rice and pork. An excessive intake of meat and insufficient intake of seafood were noted in both lunch groups. The school lunch group showed a lower level of vegetable consumption than the home lunch group (P=0.017 in 6~11-year-old students, P=0.003 in 12~17-year-old students).Although more students ate meals with a better dietary pattern in the school lunch group than the home lunch group, there were no significant differences in DDS and DVS between the two groups. @*Conclusions@#Overall, the dietary quality of lunches was not superior in the school lunch group compared to the home lunch group. This suggests that much room remain for improving dietary quality of school lunches in China.
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Objectives@#The number of schools offering school lunches has increased in China. This study examined the dietary quality of the lunches consumed by Chinese school-age children and adolescents, with a focus on comparing school lunches with home lunches. @*Methods@#The first weekday 24-hour dietary recall data of 6~17-year-old students (n=1,084) from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. The subjects were divided into the school lunch group and the home lunch group, and the dietary quality of lunches was compared between the two groups among 6~11-year-old students (n=634; 177 in the school lunch group and 457 in the home lunch group) and 12~17-year-old students (n=450;144 in the school lunch group and 306 in the home lunch group), respectively. Frequently consumed foods, amount of food group intake, food group intake pattern, Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), and Dietary Variety Score (DVS) were examined. @*Results@#The most frequently consumed foods in both lunch groups were rice and pork. An excessive intake of meat and insufficient intake of seafood were noted in both lunch groups. The school lunch group showed a lower level of vegetable consumption than the home lunch group (P=0.017 in 6~11-year-old students, P=0.003 in 12~17-year-old students).Although more students ate meals with a better dietary pattern in the school lunch group than the home lunch group, there were no significant differences in DDS and DVS between the two groups. @*Conclusions@#Overall, the dietary quality of lunches was not superior in the school lunch group compared to the home lunch group. This suggests that much room remain for improving dietary quality of school lunches in China.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of compound sophora flavescens injection on T helper cells 17 (Th17), regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) and the related cytokines in lung cancer patients with cirrhosis.Methods:A total of 63 patients with early non-small cell lung cancer and cirrhosis in Shouguang People's Hospital of Shandong Province from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected. All patients were scheduled to undergo surgical treatment. The patients were randomly divided into observation group (33 cases) and control group (30 cases) according to the random number table method. The patients in the control group were treated with liver protection, and the patients in the observation group were given compound sophora flavescens on the basis of the control group. After 3 months of treatment, the changes of liver fibrosis index, the levels of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood and the changes of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in serum were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of 15 cases (45.45%) in the observation group were normalized and 6 cases (20.00%) in the control group were normalized. There was a significant difference in ALT normalization rate between the two groups ( P < 0.05). The levels of serum laminin (LN) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (all P < 0.05), and the serum LN [(156.74±30.52) ng/ml] and HA [(179.56±25.32) ng/ml] in the observation group after treatment was lower than those in the control group [(210.58±39.42) ng/ml and (203.75±28.79) ng/ml] (t values were 18.236 and 12.184, both P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the level changes of type Ⅲ procollagen and type Ⅳ collagen between the two groups before and after treatment (all P > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Th17 and Th17/Treg increased and the level of Treg cells decreased (all P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Th17 [(1.32±0.18)%] and Th17/Treg (0.23±0.04) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(1.21±0.17)% and 0.20±0.03] (t values were 3.201 and 1.087, both P < 0.01), while the level of Treg cells in the observation group was lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-10, IL-17, IL-6, and TGF-β in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (all P < 0.05), and their levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Compound sophora flavescens injection can improve the liver function and fibrosis index of patients with lung cancer and cirrhosis, and it can regulate the levels of Th17, Treg cells and their related factors, which can be used as a clinical adjuvant.
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Objective To recognize the characteristics and causes of the adverse drug reaction (ADR)of traditional Chinese patent medicine,and promote the clinical safe drug use.Methods By retrospective study,ADR reports about Chinese patent medicine collected by Shouguang adverse drug reaction monitoring center from January 1,2012 to December 31,2014 were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 479 reports in accordance with the inclusion criteria were collected,which comprised 479 patients.Of them,224 were male and 255 were female,often occurs in patients over 50 years old[53.0%(254 /479)].Chinese patent medicine involved in these reports were mainly blood -regulating formula,heat agent and formula for resuscitation,respectively 278 cases(58.0%),64 cases (13.4%),51 cases (10.6%).Intravenous administration was an important way to trigger ADR [78.5%(376 /479)],78.5% injection had adverse effects and suitability of medicine were 55.9%.Main clinical manifesta-tions were lesion of skin and its appendages[35.1%(183 /522)]and digestive system damage[18.4%(96 /522)]. Conclusion The application of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation as the primary principle,atten-tion to individual differences of patients,improve the level of rational use drugs,strengthen the proprietary Chinese medicine preparation process and improve the drug instructions can reduce the adverse reaction occurred to some extent of Chinese patent medicine.
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@#Inductive diagram material database is a branch material database to complement the multimedia courseware material database.It has a lot of advantages such as brief,explicit and emphasis characteristics,could enhance teaching efficiency and quality.This paper would discuss the advantage of application of inductive diagram in rehabilitation education.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility of total hip arthroplasty through a small anterolateral incision. Methods Total hip arthroplasty through a small anterolateral incision was performed in 53 cases (58 hip joints) from February 2003 to December 2003, including 5 cases of simultaneous replacement of bilateral joints, 6 cases of total hip revision, and 4 cases of hip joint rigidity. The surgical modification features were as follows: the patient was placed in recumbent position, with the involved buttock region slightly hanging over the side of the surgical bed and normally drooping; the involved leg was placed in 10? of adduction, which was helpful to the exposure of the greater trochanter; after the exposure of the neck of the femur and the greater trochanter, osteotomy was performed firstly, then the femoral head was dislocated and removed. Results The length of incision was 7~12 cm (mean, 8.5 cm). The operation time was 70~140 min (mean, 88 min). The blood loss was 250~660 ml (mean, 470 ml). No severe complications occurred. Postoperatively, weight-bearing and mobilization exercise were begun in 6~14 days. All the cases were followed for 4~40 weeks (mean, 28 weeks). The Harris hip scores showed excellent outcomes in 37 cases, good in 12, fair in 4, with a rate of excellent or good results of 92.5% (49/53). Conclusions Total hip arthroplasty through a small anterolateral incision is a feasible procedure that is characterized with minimal invasion, less blood loss and quick recovery. It can be applied in total hip replacement for artificial hip joint revision, hip joint rigidity, or congenital dislocation of hip joint.
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Objective To study the relationship between serum fibronectin(Fn) and hyaluronic acid(HA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and their clinical value.Methods The serum Fn and HA levels in 50 cases of HCC 14 cases of benign hepatic disease and 100 healthy persons were determined by enzyme-labelled turbidimetry and radioimmuoassay.Results The serum Fn content (125.85?29.47)mg/L of the patients with HCC was significantly lower than those of both the benign hepatic disease(210.14?18.36)mg/L and healthy controls (219.96?26.26)mg/L,P